C++ Full Course For Beginners Lesson No 1.0

 

Lesson 1: Introduction to C++

Understanding C++

In this lesson, we'll introduce C++ and explore its key features, applications, and basic syntax. C++ is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language known for its efficiency and flexibility.

Key Features of C++

1. Efficiency: 

C++ offers low-level control over system resources and memory management, making it suitable for performance-critical applications.

2. Object-Oriented:

 C++ supports object-oriented programming (OOP) principles such as classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation, enabling modular and reusable code.

3. Standard Library: 

C++ provides a rich standard library that includes containers, algorithms, input/output functionality, and more, facilitating rapid development.

4. Compatibility:

 C++ is highly compatible with C, allowing seamless integration with existing C codebases and libraries.

5. Portability:

 C++ code can be compiled and executed on various platforms, including Windows, macOS, Linux, and embedded systems.

Setting Up C++ Environment

To start programming in C++, you'll need to set up your development environment. You can install a C++ compiler such as GCC, Clang, or Microsoft Visual C++, and choose a code editor or integrated development environment (IDE) like Visual Studio Code, CLion, or Code::Blocks.

Writing Your First C++ Program

Let's write a simple "Hello, World!" program in C++ to get started:

HTML

```cpp
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}
```

Explanation

- The `#include <iostream>` directive includes the input/output stream library, allowing us to use input/output functionality.
- `int main()` is the main function where program execution begins.
- `std::cout` is used to print output to the console.
- `<<` is the insertion operator used to insert data into the output stream.
- `std::endl` is used to insert a newline character into the output stream.
- `return 0;` indicates successful program execution.

Compiling and Running C++ Programs

After writing your C++ program, you'll need to compile it into machine code using a C++ compiler. Then, you can run the compiled executable.

Example: Compiling and Running Hello World Program

Assuming your C++ file is named `hello.cpp`:

```
$ g++ hello.cpp -o hello
$ ./hello
```

 

 

Exercise

Practice writing and compiling C++ programs. Experiment with different code snippets and explore C++'s syntax, features, and standard library.